Dough-mixer



Byn. PINKNEY; DOUGH MIXERI APPLICATION FILED NOV. I3. 1920.

B. D. .PINKNEY. f

DOUGH MIXER.

APPLlcAlou FILED Nov.1a, |920.

Patented oen 4,1921.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2 .entre f To all' @07mm` t may concern.'

useful Improvements in Dough-Mixers,

Be it' known thatI, BRYAN D. PINKNEY, a` citizen of the United States, residingat Newport, inthe countyof yCampbell and State of Kentucky',` `have inventedcertain lnew and which the following. is a specification,

' 'My invention relates toan improvement. inthe kneadi'ng, mixing and stretching of dough, and similar masses of a doughy or plastlc nature 1n which a plurality of differentia'l'ly-operated mixing arms Work the mass to fa. perfectly homogeneous substance;

andthe objectsfof .my improvement are, first, to subject the" contentsto a thorough mixing,

causingthe dry andfliqui'd ingredients to become'corifectly blended and homogeneouslymixed andil then to 'assumej the form of, a

20. arms, `to so. completely stretch andv evenly partially cohesive mass; and second, bythe continuedlaction of` the' agitator, or mixing .knead the dough or plastic mass, by. means gravity throughout Y possess of thef differential action, that plenty of air is beaten in While the mass is beingmixed to a perfectly homogeneous state, thereby producing 1a product,v

inv which like volumes likewveight. j This produces a dough rich in nutritive qualities and one that proves Well, besides being of finegrain.

"I attain theseobjects by thevarious instrumentalities "ofvvhich ymy invention con- 'sists a form of'which 'I have shovvnein the accompanyingdravvings, although my invention is not limited to the precise arrange'- ment and organization gof these instrumentalitiesas herein'show'n and described.

FigureY 14 is a plan view of my improved apparatus, with the extended base. shown broken away and the canopy. cover removed; Fig.v 2, a cross sectionfaty line A-fA, Fig lg Fig. 3, an enlargedvievv.y of the differential shaft taken atv line .B'-1B, Fig. 2;.Fig. '1, across section of the differential shaft taken at lineC-C, 3; Fig, 5,a'p1an vievs7 ofthe gear for lockingthedifferentialj; Fig. 6, a sectionaljview of an arrangement to hold one mixing arm stationary. i

Referring tov the. drawings, 11' designates thev main frame which ,is shown provided with 'an extension base 2:. V'Atthe top of the 5. m'ainfframe are caps 3 yin Which are trun- The agitatorcomprisesapair of blades or mixing arms, an outer mixing arm 7, and

off thel same specific riation D STATES 5ta-FICE.

non'err-11:11:im

specification of Lette'rsratent. 1 y. Patented Oct. 4,1921.' Applicatipnen'ied Nvembefla, 1920. serial N5. 423,797. i Y

aninner mixing arm 11. The outerarm 75 is rigidly fastened to driveshaftfS by any vided with. a .bushing 1.0"at the opposite sidefand loosely-mounted, on drive shaft 12. -The inner arm 11 ,is rigidlyr fastened to ldrive shaft 12 by any'fsuitablefmeans,y

such' as by pin 13, and vprovided With a bushing `14 at the; opposite side and'loosely. mounted on d rlve Vshaft 8.*A I do notlimit my const ruction of the drive shafts 8 .and

12a-nd the bushings 10 and 14, respectively, to this particularldescription, as the. mixing arms may"'l o e driven-by means of sleeves,

lsuch asshoivvn in'Paltent No. 445,204, dated i each end ofthe differential shafts Aas shown in Fig. 3'." Theidifferential shaft 17 is `mounted in bearing 1'9 o f the vmain frame 11 at one vend and near' the other vfend 1in bracket 20.- vvThedifferential shaft 18l is mounted .in bearing 21 of '.themain .frame 1 at fone end and near the other end in bracket 22".A .Brackets 20 k.and 122. are securely fastened lto the main frame '1. y lThedifferential drive is the new and improved featureofapplicants invention and Y isV not to paratusjknown'to him. In ordinary dough mixers the dough is mixedeither bya'sing'le blade yor Aby a lplurality of mixing bladesof predetermined speed, and this produeesla dugh of varying densities and. irregular specific gravitiesj geneity, and hence like volumes Vvary considerably 'in' weight. It is'estim'ated by the a plicant that the percentage ofgweigbt va.-

is often 25%, and this is the underlyingreason Why heavy Weightsare neces-l sary'to. compress the dough, v dough'in .a dough divider such as disclosed in Patent Patent No. 722,545, dated March 10, 1903, in

be foundin vany other mixing apl due to theflack'of homo.-

When Weighing t# No. 591,089, dated Janjll, 1898, or

order to compress the irregular mass into an even .mass. 'where like volumes possess likeA Weight. Withthedierential-action, if the doughyjin Contact with the outer armA 7 offers more resistance thanfl'thedough in Contact'V with the inner arm-11,it indicates that the dough in contact with theinnefrarm ll'Si not so developed and so the differential shaft 17 that drives theouter' arm'7 willre'tardf and differential shaft 18 will speed upV inthe same, ratio until like resistances are offeredV Y the mixing arms 7 and 11. This' action also v mounted onfstud26 is gear 28.,Y The gears 27- and 28. mesh with gears 31 and 32 rigidlyv works a vcorrect proportion f air into the Y dough orplastic mass.

l The ydifferential comprisesa in ain frame 23 to which is attacheda sprocket'24, orany other suitable means to Irotate said frame23. Rigidly mounted in frame 23 are studs25 and 26 and secured by any-suitable means,

such-'as pins 29 and`lf30, respectively. Loosely mounted on stud j'is gear 27 and loosely mounted onv differentialpshafts 17 and, 18,

respectively.V As the frame 23 rotates, andV there are equal resistances applied to differential shafts 17 and 18, there will be no roi' tation-of the gears 27 and-28 on' studs 25 fand 26, respectively, and pinions 16willfrotlate`V with equal velocities.V As,`difl`erent4 resistances are offered.differentialshafts l17 and 1 8 there willbe a corresponding slowing down of one and av yspeeding up of the'othen which will A'continue or alternate untilfthe `differentialshafts17 and 18 rotate jat 'equal Avelocities or either with equal'gresi'stances, and

then the doughismixed to a homogeneous mined speeds-c ieyfor cleaning of operativefposition. I'haveshown aV spanerate Vthe-'plunger 34,V and press it down` intoV 'mass M It sometimes-is advantageous to be able to lock theldiiferentialso that the outer land the -inner miXin i blades rotateat predeter- This I accomplish by means of the plunger 34 mounted in hole ..33 ofthe V:frame 23. Ay

spring 35l serves to.4 keep the-plunger 34:'out

ner ring y37 with: a spannergr'o'ove 38toopgrooves 36 o f gear. 27.1 The".'SpannerA ring may be moved forwardA andbaclnvardiby any ordinary means, andhence not shown in the A. drawing. I do not limit myself to a differential. of the bevel-gear type as showinas a spur-gear type is equally as effective.'V Pro- )ections 49 serveto guide Spanner ring 37.

The ,mixing apparatus is ,shown provided with a canopy cover 39. This cover is'shown fastened lto `thecaps. 3 by means ofbraces 4 0 terminating yin proj ectioi 1s-41, and secured by bolts 42..

. mains in afvertical position above the. mixing bowl 4. -I preferto u use that type of canopy cover disclosed in The mixing'fvbowl .4 is tiltedl forwardfto discharge themmixed batchby Vany suitable means, such as by ,meansof ythe chordal wormwheel43 rigidl-ymountedon the end 'of trunnion ,6, :and meshin with al worm 44 rigidly montedon'sha 45. Shaft 45 Vis y.through a hole 53 in shaft 18"an purposes:

This canopycover always re` my Patent No.

looselyA mounted in bearings 46 and`47 attachedtofthefsideof the `main frame 1. Shaft 45 may be operated by power, `or by Vhandwlieel' 48 for manuall Operation. f s v Motive power is applied to my improved vmixing!apparatus-by any suitable me`ans`,f (such as by electriemotor 50 and gear 51.

Gear lfmay mesh directly with gear'24 or 51 may be a sprocket, and 52` a V.sprocket chain or` other flexible drive thatconnectsv the sprocketsf24 yand 51.'A

Incase myn-improved mixing apparatus is.: to v be used formixingsponge doughs where a higher p eripheralfmixing speed of the, l'

outer miXi'ngvM- armis desirable,-I dispense with the rotation of theinner arm 11 by locking the shaft 18. by any suitable means,`

1a pin 5.5` f amatingV such as for eXample, by .insertin hole 54 .in bracket 22.V *Gear 315- then, not` being able .Vtorotate imparts rotary l the gears 25 and 26 as the'frame 23 rotates,

action to and this increases (njacc'eleratesv the'normal speed ofy gear 32, imparting toshaft 17 a. Y

greatly increased ,orac'celerated' speed, In operation, my improved mixing apparatiis y works as follows The .ingredients to:

befmixed (usually ,for bread doughs, .which com/prise Allour, salt, "sugar, flard`,` yeast, and water) are. placed'inthe mixing, bowl .4

either vjust- :before the mixing'. apparatus is started or while itis in operation. .The in.-

v',fgredients are such, generally, thatv must first 5i 1 be blended (Which blending takesplace .in

the mixing process `before the ingredients assume the forni ofrz-afcohesivey mass), andy then. -,stretched and kneaded. The .ingredients-.are worked until'they are of the corectconsistency, that is,untilythe' resistances offered the outerfarm andftheinner armare the same.H method of .compensating for the resistance .is accomplished by "means of the differential, which operates to produce `a dough wherein the gluten isfully developed,

and the resultingv chemieal action y tends toy keep the temperature comparatively low, producing a perfectlyhomogeneous dough off-maximum strength in a minimum ofltim'e.V

IIavingthus described my invention," what A -I claim as new, and desire-l to secure by Letters Patent,- is# 1. In adough vmixer, apluralityof mix- Y ing arms, andm'e'ans controlled vvby the variadrive coitrolled i l material .worked upon tol automatically Avary the speeds of the mixing arms, so that a` homogeneous substancezlis effected@ Y n 3. Inj a vdough mixer-,Qa mixingV receptacle, a" plurality of mixing-v arms rotatably mounted in the mixing receptacle, and a differential drive controlled by the variations in the consistency of the material worked upon to automatically vary the speeds of the mixing arms, so that a homogeneous substance is effected.

4. In a dough mixer, a plurality of mixing arms, a diierential drive controlled by the variations in the consistency of the material worked upon to automatically vary the speeds of the mixing arms, and means whereby the dierential drive may be locked so that the said mixing arms may be run at a predetermined speed. v

5. In a dough mixer, a'plurality of mixing arms, means controlled by the variations in the consistency of the material worked upon to automatically Vary the speeds of the mixing arms, and means whereby one mixing arm may be held Stationary.

6. In a dough mixer, a pair of mixing arms, means controlled by the Variations in the consistency of the to automatically vary the speeds of the mixing arms, means adapted to lock the aforestated means so that the mixing arms may be run at a predetermined speed, and means adapted to hold one mixing arm stationary so that a greatly accelerated speed is imparted to the other mixing arm.

In testimony whereof I alix my signature.

BRYAN D. PINKNEY.

material worked upon 

